Month: January 2024

Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate is a mineral that helps the body reduce its high phosphate concentration and restore optimum calcium levels. Bodybuilders and people with various health conditions actively use it to improve energy, endurance, and exercise performance. To understand calcium alpha-ketoglutarate better, let’s begin with its main properties.

What Is Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate?

Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate (or calcium akg) is derived from the combination of calcium and alpha-ketoglutaric acid, which is a key factor in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle). This compound is involved in cellular energy metabolism and serves as a substrate for enzymes that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy source of cells.

It is often used as a dietary supplement to support energy production, enhance exercise performance, and promote bone mineralization. As a bioavailable source of calcium and a metabolically active precursor, this compound aids in various physiological processes within the human body.

Calcium Alpha Ketoglutarate Structure

Calcium akg has a distinct molecular structure. It is a compound formed of calcium, a mineral essential for bone health, and alpha-ketoglutaric acid. Molecules of alpha-ketoglutaric acid bind to calcium ions in calcium alpha-ketoglutarate, creating a stable complex. This synergy allows calcium alpha-ketoglutarate to play two roles: maintaining energy balance and providing calcium for cellular functions. 

Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate Benefits

There are numerous benefits of calcium alpha-ketoglutarate. Here is a more detailed explanation of how calcium alpha-ketoglutarate affects different body processes:

Anti-aging Properties

Its involvement in cellular processes vital for tissue integrity makes calcium alpha-ketoglutarate an effective anti-aging agent. Beyond its role in ATP generation, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate mitigates oxidative stress, which is one of the primary causes of aging. This compound modulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and influences cellular redox balance, which contributes to preserving cellular function and preventing age-related damage. Besides, the presence of calcium supports bone health, which is an important aspect of longevity.

Heart Health

This mineral enhances cardiovascular function by promoting efficient energy production within heart cells. Its potential to mitigate oxidative stress contributes to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Through the regulation of blood pressure and blood vessels, calcium AKG further supports cardiovascular health. Ongoing research continues to explore its specific mechanisms and potential applications in heart health.

Reduced Inflammation

CaAKG exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by modulating key signaling pathways in the immune response. Its interaction with inflammatory mediators (cytokines and reactive oxygen species) helps regulate the inflammatory response. CaAKG also influences the activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), which is a protein transcription factor responsible for inflammation. Aside from that, CaAKG’s capacity to boost cellular antioxidant defenses helps to reduce oxidative stress associated with inflammation.

Metabolism

Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate is crucial for energy metabolism. Being a Krebs cycle intermediate, it converts nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, which is the main cellular energy source. This promotes efficient energy metabolism and metabolic flexibility. It also improves endurance and exercise performance. Additionally, its involvement in the TCA cycle regulates intermediary metabolites, supporting metabolic balance. Overall, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate shows promise in metabolic support, optimizing energy production and metabolic balance.

Gut Health

The metabolic and regulatory functions of calcium alpha-ketoglutarate are important for gut health. As a participant in the Krebs cycle, it contributes to the breakdown of nutrients and provides energy for the cells lining the digestive tract. This metabolic function enhances the integrity and function of the gastrointestinal lining. Besides, its strong antioxidant properties aid in the maintenance of a healthy gut by reducing oxidative stress.

Stem Cells Vitality

By influencing cellular metabolism, this mineral positively influences stem cell function. Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate contributes to energy production within stem cells. It also enhances mitochondrial function, which is necessary for optimal stem cell activity. By supporting these metabolic processes, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate fosters the self-renewal and differentiation potential of stem cells. Furthermore, it has been observed to modulate signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. 

Doses and Side Effects

The optimal dosage of calcium alpha-ketoglutarate depends on individual health factors and specific therapeutic goals. The recommended daily dose ranges from 1,000 to 3,000 mg. While CaAKG is generally well-tolerated, in certain cases, higher doses may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating or nausea. However, it is advisable to be cautious to ensure optimal effects and mitigate any potential side effects.

Conclusion

Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate is a powerful anti-aging agent and sports performance supplement. Although there is not enough scientific evidence to support these claims, this amazing compound undoubtedly holds promise in longevity research.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

 

What is calcium alpha ketoglutarate used for?

Calcium alpha-ketoglutarate is used in different health conditions. Primarily, it is used as a food supplement to support energy metabolism, enhance muscle mass, and boost sports performances. It has anti-inflammatory effects that can help manage inflammatory diseases. Studies have also indicated that CaAKG may be useful for improving stem cell function.

 

When should I take AKG?

For optimal results, take alpha-ketoglutarate in the morning, with or before breakfast. In this way, it is easier for absorption and utilization in your body.

 

Does alpha-ketoglutarate reverse aging?

Research has demonstrated that AKG supplementation can positively impact certain aging-related processes, such as mitochondrial function and cellular energy production. However, aging is a complex biological process with various contributing factors, and AKG should be viewed as part of healthy aging. Rather than reversing the aging process, alpha-ketoglutarate may contribute to preserving vitality and slowing down the aging process.

 

What is the difference between AKG and calcium AKG?

The main difference between alpha-ketoglutarate and calcium alpha-ketoglutarate lies in their formulations. AKG is the standalone compound, while CaAKG is the calcium salt of AKG. When compared to alpha-ketoglutarate, calcium alpha-ketoglutarate may provide additional advantages. The addition of calcium to alpha-ketoglutarate improves its stability and bioavailability, which leads to better absorption in the digestive tract. 

Magnesium malate is a compound composed of magnesium and malic acid. Although both magnesium and malic acid have individual advantages, magnesium malate as a compound shows better absorption than both substances individually. Stay tuned until the very end and learn everything about magnesium malate benefits.

What Is Magnesium Malate?

Magnesium is a mineral that participates in numerous physiological processes: muscle and nerve function, energy production, and bone health. Malic acid increases the acidity of magnesium malate and enhances the absorption of magnesium in the digestive system. The combination of magnesium and malic acid is advantageous for individuals that need more energy, reduced muscle pain, and better sleep patterns. Research suggests that magnesium malate may be particularly beneficial for people with fibromyalgia and different kinds of fatigue syndromes. 

Magnesium Malate Benefits

This bioactive compound has a wide range of positive effects on various physiological processes. Here is a breakdown of magnesium malate’s benefits:

Better Absorption

The synergy between magnesium and malic acid provides better absorption of both compounds. Malic acid increases the solubility of magnesium in the gastrointestinal tract, which facilitates its absorption. Improved solubility results in greater bioavailability of magnesium, which ensures that the body absorbs a larger amount of the compound.

Circadian Rhythm Regulation

Together with melatonin, magnesium regulates the body’s internal clock, known as the circadian rhythm. It is involved in neurotransmitter pathways that impact mood and may mitigate symptoms of depression. Malic acid’s synergistic effects further support magnesium’s function in maintaining balance in the sleep-wake cycle. Their interaction leads to better sleep quality, mood stability, and potentially reduced symptoms of depression.

Better Muscle Contraction

Magnesium is involved in the regulation of ion channels and ATP synthesis, the primary processes for muscle function. Malic acid, accompanying magnesium, enhances the bioavailability of magnesium and ensures its availability in muscle cells. Their combination in magnesium malate supports optimal muscle contraction by facilitating the release and utilization of energy within the muscles. This results in better muscle function, strength, and overall sport performance.

Easier Blood Sugar Management

As an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in insulin signaling, magnesium regulates glucose uptake by cells. Improved magnesium levels contribute to better insulin sensitivity and promote efficient glucose utilization in cells. As a result, the body can sustain optimal insulin levels throughout the day, which is essential for optimal metabolic health.

Blood Pressure Control

While magnesium relaxes blood vessels, promotes vasodilation, and improves blood flow, malic acid enhances its vasodilatory effects. This combined action lowers blood pressure and improves overall cardiovascular health.

Accelerated Exercise Recovery 

Magnesium is necessary for proper muscle function, energy production, and electrolyte balance. Its function in protein synthesis further promotes tissue repair. Malic acid, on the other hand, ensures efficient muscle recovery. Their synergistic effects reduce muscle soreness, cramps, and fatigue after exercise.

Improved Skin Health

Magnesium takes part in the synthesis of collagen, a protein necessary for skin elasticity and structure. Additionally, it protects the skin from oxidative stress. Magnesium malate promotes hydration, reduces inflammation, and supports overall skin integrity. 

Magnesium Malate Foods

In lower dosages, magnesium malate is naturally present in certain foods. On the other hand, many fruits contain malic acid. It is not possible to obtain magnesium malate in concentrated form directly from nutrition, but both compounds can be obtained individually from the following foods:

Magnesium sources:

1. Vegetables:
   • Spinach
   • Kale
   • Swiss chard
   • Broccoli
   • Brussels sprouts
2. Nuts and seeds:
   • Almonds
   • Cashews
   • Pumpkin seeds
   • Sunflower seeds
3. Whole grains:
   • Brown rice
   • Quinoa
   • Oats
   • Whole wheat
4. Legumes:
   • Black beans
   • Chickpeas
   • Lentils
5. Seafood:
   • Mackerel
   • Salmon
   • Halibut
6. Dairy products:
   • Milk
   • Yogurt
   • Cheese
7. Fruits:
   • Avocado
   • Banana
8. Cocoa

Malic acid sources:

• Apples
• Cherries
• Peaches
• Pears
• Apricots
• Watermelon
• Grapes
• Tomatoes

Magnesium Malate Dosage  

The optimal daily doses of magnesium malate vary based on age, gender, and health condition. Generally, the recommended doses for magnesium range from 310 to 420 mg per day for adults.

Here is an overview of recommended doses according to age and gender:

Age Group	Male RDA (mg/day)	Female RDA (mg/day)
Children (9-13)	30-240	30-240
Adolescents (14-18)	400-410	360
Adults (>18)	400-420	310-320

Magnesium Malate Side Effects

Magnesium malate is generally well-tolerated, but excessive intake may lead to mild gastrointestinal side effects. These effects are primarily attributed to magnesium’s osmotic properties, which draw water to the intestines. Individuals with renal impairment should exercise caution, as high magnesium levels can exacerbate kidney issues. Excessive magnesium intake may interfere with medications or result in electrolyte imbalances. If you have preexisting conditions or are taking medications that may interact with magnesium malate, you should adhere to the recommended dosage guidelines.

Conclusion

As an effective combination of magnesium and malic acid, magnesium malate is beneficial for nerve function, muscles, mood, sleep, and relaxation. Considering the rare side effects on the gastrointestinal tract, always consult with a healthcare professional before starting to use it.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

 

When to take magnesium malate?

Some people find it helpful to take magnesium malate in the evening, as magnesium supports relaxation and promotes better sleep. However, it can be taken at any time of the day. It is generally well-absorbed, so it can be taken with or without food. Anyway, it is essential to maintain consistency in daily intake to achieve optimal results.

 

Does magnesium malate help you sleep?

Magnesium regulates certain neurotransmitters and activates the parasympathetic nervous system. It also supports the production of melatonin, a hormone crucial to the sleep-wake cycle. Malic acid enhances magnesium’s effectiveness. While research suggests potential benefits for sleep quality, individual responses can differ.

 

Does magnesium relax muscles?

Yes, magnesium has muscle-relaxing properties. It acts as a natural calcium antagonist, preventing muscle contractions caused by calcium. Magnesium influences neuromuscular signals and helps regulate muscle contractions by binding to receptors on the muscle cell membrane. Through stimulation of acetylcholine release, it facilitates muscle relaxation. Overall, magnesium is beneficial for conditions like muscle spasms and tension.

 

Does magnesium malate cause diarrhea?

Yes, magnesium malate can cause diarrhea as a side effect. It’s crucial to adhere to the recommended dosages to minimize this side effect.

 

Can magnesium make you nauseous?

While magnesium is generally well-tolerated, higher dosages may lead to nausea. As magnesium influences the gastrointestinal tract, it can trigger the release of stomach acid. Magnesium supplements are more likely to cause nausea when taken on an empty stomach.

Over time, lines under the eyes appear due to different reasons. Most of them stem from the loss of collagen and elastin during the aging process. It is a fact that we can’t reverse the aging process and its impact on our skin. However, knowing how to get rid of lines under eyes is a valuable skill indeed. Follow this guide to master preventing and getting rid of eye wrinkles.

What Causes Wrinkles Under Eyes

Lines under the eyes (or crow’s feet) can be attributed to various causes and their joint influence. Here are some common reasons for their development:

Aging

The aging process leads to a gradual breakdown of collagen and elastin fibers in the skin. As a result, the skin becomes less firm and elastic, with static and dynamic wrinkles visible on different face areas.

Sun Exposure

Sun exposure for long periods dries out the skin and makes signs of aging more visible. UV rays damage collagen and elastin fibers and cause under eye wrinkles.

Dehydration

Lack of hydration can make the skin dull and more prone to wrinkles. When the skin is well hydrated, it is more supple and resilient, and fine line visibility is reduced. 

Smoking

This harmful habit is associated with premature skin aging. Smoking increases collagen and elastin breakdown and accelerates the development of wrinkles, including those around the eyes.

Genetics

Genetic factors determine many skin characteristics, such as skin elasticity and the tendency to wrinkle. If your parents have a tendency to develop eye wrinkles, you may be more predisposed to them as well.

Repeated Facial Expressions

Facial movements and expressions, such as squinting, smiling, or frowning, contribute to the formation of fine lines under eyes.

Lack of Sleep

Inadequate sleep affects skin health and contributes to the appearance of lines under eyes. During deep sleep, the body rejuvenates the skin, and a lack of sleep hinders this essential process.

Poor Diet

Nutrient deficiencies and a diet lacking in antioxidants can impact the skin’s health and appearance. Antioxidants help protect the skin from oxidative stress and shield the skin from premature aging. 

When it comes to skin health, polyphenols are one of the most powerful antioxidants. If you want to improve skin vitality and reduce wrinkles around eyes, try VANA. Its liquid formula is rich in polyphenols, other vital antioxidants, and organic herbal ingredients that are beneficial for skin health and overall wellness. 

Allergies and Irritants

Allergic reactions or exposure to irritating substances usually lead to inflammation, puffiness, and the development of fine lines under the eyes.

Hormonal Changes

Hormonal fluctuations, especially during menopause, can affect the skin’s elasticity and contribute to the formation of wrinkles.

How to Get Rid of Lines Under Eyes

If prevention measures come too late, don’t worry. It’s never too late to get rid of under eye wrinkles! Fortunately, there are effective strategies available to tackle them head-on. Let’s check out these strategies in detail:

Retinol

Retinol is a derivative of vitamin A. It is well-known as a potent agent for reducing lines under eyes. Retinol enhances collagen production and promotes skin elasticity. It also accelerates cell turnover, aiding in the removal of old, damaged skin cells and encouraging the growth of new ones. This process results in smoother skin texture and diminished fine lines.

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring substance in the skin that is crucial for maintaining moisture and suppleness. As we age, hyaluronic acid levels decrease, which leads to the formation of lines under eyes. Applying products with hyaluronic acid hydrates and plumps the skin by attracting and retaining water molecules. This results in a more youthful appearance and reduced visibility of eye wrinkles. Hyaluron serves as one of the most effective methods for restoring skin hydration and combating the signs of aging in the delicate eye area.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that is crucial for skin health. It promotes collagen synthesis, enhances skin elasticity, and reduces the appearance of lines under the eyes. Along with hyaluronic acid and retinol, it is a popular ingredient in many anti-aging products.

Peptides

Peptides are short chains of amino acids that serve as building blocks for proteins like collagen and elastin in the skin. They work by signaling the skin to boost its natural regeneration processes. Skincare products containing peptides stimulate collagen production, promote skin firmness, and reduce lines under the eyes.

L-Glutamine

L-glutamine is an amino acid that is essential for the formation of the skin’s proteins. While not as extensively studied as some other skincare ingredients, L-glutamine can be a valuable agent for skin regeneration. This amino acid helps to decrease the appearance of wrinkles under the eyes by stimulating cellular repair and renewal. 

Genistein

Genistein is a polyphenolic compound found in soybeans. It is known for its strong antioxidant and anti-aging properties. As an isoflavone, genistein helps prevent eye wrinkles through collagen synthesis and inhibition of enzymes that cause skin aging. Its antioxidant nature protects the skin from free radical damage. 

Troxerutin

Troxerutin is a flavonoid from the Japanese pagoda tree with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is known for its potential to strengthen blood vessels and improve circulation. By minimizing inflammation and improving vascular health, it contributes to a more youthful appearance. 

Face Massage and Yoga

Face massages and facial yoga exercises can help reduce lines under the eyes by promoting blood circulation, relaxing facial muscles, and improving skin elasticity. Massaging the face stimulates lymphatic drainage, which aids in the removal of toxins and reduces puffiness. Facial yoga involves targeted exercises to tone and tighten facial muscles, which result in a more youthful appearance. While scientific evidence on their efficacy is limited, one thing is sure – they will not worsen your eye wrinkles.

Summary

Lines under the eyes are not something you necessarily have to accept. If none of the above measures help, you can choose one of the more invasive but effective anti-aging treatments. Hyaluronic acid fillers, Botox injections, and laser treatments are the most powerful solutions in the fight against these annoying signs of aging.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

 

Why do I have lines under my eyes at 15?

There are a few culprits for premature skin aging. One of the most important factors is genetics. It determines your skin’s characteristics to a large degree. However, it is not the only reason why some people experience premature aging. Stressful experiences, a lack of sleep and hydration, and extreme exposure to UV rays are also some of the causes.

 

Are eye lines permanent?

Lines under eyes can be persistent, but they aren’t necessarily permanent. Consistent skincare, along with a healthy lifestyle, can mitigate and even diminish their appearance. While complete removal may be challenging, proactive measures can significantly reduce the visibility of lines under eyes.

 

What causes eye bag lines?

Eye bag lines result from a combination of factors that reduce skin elasticity. As we age, the skin loses collagen and elastin. It also gradually loses firmness and the ability to bounce back. This, coupled with genetic predispositions, usually causes eye bags and lines. Fluid retention, allergies, and lifestyle factors like lack of sleep and dehydration can intensify their visibility.

 

Can retinol reverse fine lines?

Yes, retinol can effectively address fine lines by stimulating collagen production and promoting skin cell turnover. It encourages the formation of new skin cells while minimizing the breakdown of collagen. That results in the diminished appearance of fine lines. Regular use of retinol-based products has been scientifically proven to prevent and reduce fine lines under the eyes.

What is telomerase, and what is a telomerase inhibitor? To answer these questions, we must start from the very beginning – from understanding telomeres. Stay tuned until the end of this guide to learn more.

What Are Telomeres?

Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences located at the ends of linear chromosomes. They serve as protective caps that prevent the gradual shortening of genetic material during cell division. As plastic tips on shoelaces, they preserve the integrity and stability of chromosomes.

Telomeres are a good indicator of cellular age, as their length diminishes with each cell division. When they are so short that they cannot shorten any more, it comes to cell death. Enzymes called telomerase prevent this shortening. Telomerase adds repetitive DNA sequences to the telomeres, thereby maintaining cellular longevity.

Shortened telomeres are associated with aging and various age-related diseases, as they compromise genomic stability. 

Telomerase and Aging

In situations where telomerase activity is insufficient, such as in many somatic cells, telomeres progressively shorten, ultimately leading to apoptosis (programmed cell death). This link between telomerase and aging is evident in tissues with limited regenerative capacity (brain, spinal cord, heart, and joints), where diminished telomerase activity contributes to aging and age-related illnesses.

Telomerase Activator vs. Telomerase Inhibitor

Telomerase activators are substances that stimulate the activity of telomerase. They enhance the enzyme’s ability to add repetitive DNA sequences to telomeres. By supporting telomerase activity, these activators have been explored for their potential to delay cellular aging and extend the lifespan of cells. While research in this area is ongoing, some studies suggest that telomerase activation may have implications for age-related disorders and overall health.

On the other hand, telomerase inhibitors suppress telomerase activity. Inhibition of the enzyme telomerase has been researched as a potential cancer treatment. Cancer cells often exhibit high levels of telomerase activity, which allows them to maintain their telomeres. The purpose of these scientific endeavors is to selectively target and disrupt the proliferation of cancer cells while sparing normal, healthy cells. Managing telomerase activity in cancer cells represents a promising strategy for developing more effective anti-cancer treatments.

What Affects Telomere Length?

A person’s telomere length is determined by genetics, oxidative stress, and numerous lifestyle habits. Below is a breakdown of the most significant contributors:

Genetic Factors

The genetic code dictates the production and function of the enzyme telomerase, and variations in these genes result in limited telomerase activity. Consequently, individuals with genetically determined low telomerase activity experience an accelerated rate of telomere attrition. That process leads to cellular aging and different diseases.

Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. This imbalance impacts telomere length. ROS, generated during normal cellular processes or in response to external factors, can induce oxidative damage to telomeric DNA. This damage, if not adequately repaired, accelerates the natural shortening of telomeres during each cell division. The cumulative effect of oxidative stress over time causes telomere attrition, which leads to accelerated aging.

Body Weight

Obesity is associated with shorter telomeres. Elevated body weight can cause chronic, mild inflammation and increased oxidative stress, both of which contribute to telomere shortening. This could be explained by the impact of adipose tissue on systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. In this regard, maintaining a healthy body weight could positively influence telomere length, slow cellular aging, and reduce associated health risks.

Exercise

Physical activity has been linked to the preservation of telomeres and enhanced telomerase activity. Results of regular exercise, such as improved cellular repair mechanisms and reduced oxidative stress, cause the same effects. There are still molecular pathways that need to be clarified. However, it is pretty clear that maintaining an active lifestyle contributes to slowing down the cellular aging process and promoting overall health.

Smoking

The toxic substances in cigarette smoke induce oxidative stress and accelerate the shortening of telomeres. Additionally, smoking contributes to chronic inflammation and DNA damage, which increase telomere attrition.

It has been established that smokers have shorter telomeres compared to non-smokers. This association underscores the detrimental effects of smoking on cellular aging and highlights the importance of smoking cessation for overall health and longevity.

To Conclude

As scientific research on telomerase inhibitors continues, we eagerly anticipate new, groundbreaking discoveries. In the meantime, there is an opportunity to enhance our health through positive lifestyle habits. It will allow us to improve our health while awaiting the latest advancements in telomerase research.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

 

What kills telomerase?

There are a number of factors that can inhibit telomerase. The most important telomerase inhibitor is the natural aging process, where cells experience reduced telomerase activity over time. Certain environmental factors, such as chronic exposure to oxidative stress, can negatively impact telomerase function. Some therapeutic strategies for cancer target and inhibit telomerase activity to induce telomere shortening in rapidly dividing cancer cells. 

 

What happens if telomerase is blocked?

If telomerase is blocked, the major consequence is telomere shortening during cell division. Telomeres naturally shorten with each round of cell replication. Blocking telomerase impedes the enzyme’s role in maintaining telomere length, leading to progressive shortening. Eventually, critically short telomeres trigger cellular senescence (programmed cell death), limiting the cell’s replicative potential. This process is crucial for preventing the uncontrolled growth of damaged cells, yet it can also help with aging and age-related diseases.

 

What shortens telomeres?

Telomeres naturally shorten with each round of cell division due to the inherent limitations of the DNA replication process. Environmental factors, like oxidative stress, significantly accelerate this process. Besides oxidative stress, lifestyle influences like obesity, smoking, and sedentary habits have been associated with shorter telomeres. For cellular health and longevity, it is vital to mitigate these influences.

 

What vitamins protect telomeres?

Certain vitamins protect telomeres from oxidative stress. Vitamins C and E are antioxidants that help neutralize harmful free radicals, reducing the oxidative damage that accelerates telomere shortening. Vitamin D, B12, and B9 have also been associated with longer telomeres, though the precise mechanisms are still unknown. A balanced and nutritious diet rich in these vitamins, along with other powerful antioxidants, may contribute to maintaining telomere length and slowing down the cellular aging process.

 

How do polyphenols affect telomeres?

Polyphenols achieve positive effects on telomeres through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For example, resveratrol is a potent polyphenol that has been associated with increased telomerase activity. Apart from their strong anti-aging properties, polyphenols are a valuable resource to improving overall health and body vitality. Here you can find out more about polyphenols in the VANA Smart Liquid® formula.

Have you ever wondered about the interaction between NAC and glutathione? It is no coincidence that these terms are often used together. We have prepared this guide to clarify the role of glutathione and NAC in the body but also to underscore the differences between these antioxidants. Let’s begin with their structure and functions:

What Are Glutathione, NAC, and Cysteine?

Cysteine is an amino acid with a sulfur group. This amino acid is responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds that maintain protein structure. A cysteine derivative, NAC, is responsible for restoring intracellular cysteine levels necessary for glutathione synthesis.

Glutathione is a tripeptide antioxidant that consists of cysteine, glutamate, and glycine. It boosts immune function, protects cells from oxidative stress, and detoxifies the body. One of the essential building blocks for the synthesis of glutathione is N-acetylcysteine, or NAC.

Active and Inactive Glutathione

There are two forms of glutathione within cells: active (reduced glutathione) and inactive (oxidized glutathione). In its active state, glutathione is a potent antioxidant. It counteracts free radicals to save cells from oxidative damage. An active state is essential for cellular defense, optimal immune function, and cell detoxification. However, glutathione becomes inactive after neutralizing free radicals. To maintain optimal cellular function, it’s crucial to restore inactive glutathione back into its active state. 

Benefits of Glutathione and NAC

The synergy between NAC and glutathione has a strong impact on the body’s resilience. Studies have discovered that supplementation with N-acetylcysteine and glutathione positively influences respiratory health, liver function, and cognitive abilities.

The combination of NAC and glutathione has been associated with optimal homocysteine levels, a marker associated with cardiovascular health. In the context of respiratory health, NAC has demonstrated efficacy in improving lung function and mitigating symptoms in several respiratory conditions. 

NAC vs. Glutathione – Which Supplements Should I Take?

If you want to choose an appropriate supplement regimen, you need to understand the main differences between NAC and glutathione.

While NAC is easily absorbed by the body and stimulates glutathione production, direct supplementation with glutathione has its benefits. However, its absorption is questionable, and its effectiveness may vary. As a precursor, NAC can be a more efficient option for boosting intracellular glutathione levels.

When deciding between NAC and glutathione supplements, it’s essential to consider your health goals and potential side effects. NAC is generally well-tolerated, but excessive doses may lead to gastrointestinal problems. On the other hand, glutathione supplementation may cause issues due to its limited absorption. 

For some people, taking glutathione and NAC together is the best supplementation strategy. This method ensures antioxidant protection with glutathione and supports sustained glutathione production with NAC. 

What Increases Glutathione Levels?

It is well known that higher levels of glutathione improve cellular health. The best way to take glutathione is through a healthy dietary plan that includes foods rich in sulfur, vitamin C, and lots of vegetables. In this way, the combination of diverse nutrients supports both the synthesis and recycling of glutathione. There are several dietary and lifestyle factors that can contribute to this enhancement.

As sulfur is an essential component of glutathione, sulfur-containing foods are particularly beneficial. Consuming sulfur-rich foods such as eggs, spinach, green asparagus, almonds, okra, broccoli, cauliflower, onions, nuts, and legumes provides the necessary substances for glutathione synthesis. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound found in turmeric, may stimulate glutathione production as well.

Vitamin C also helps maintain optimal glutathione levels. Foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, strawberries, and kiwi, contribute to the recycling of oxidized glutathione, ensuring its sustained efficacy. A unique combination of nutrients in avocado makes it another quality source of glutathione.

Factors That Reduce Glutathione Levels

Several factors impact cellular health and contribute to a reduction in glutathione levels. Here is an overview of factors that reduce glutathione levels:

1. Aging: The natural aging process is followed by a decline in glutathione levels. Over time, the body’s ability to synthesize and recycle this antioxidant gradually decreases.
2. Smoking: This harmful habit contributes to decreased glutathione levels in the body. Smoking causes oxidative stress, which depletes existing glutathione and inhibits its further synthesis.
3. Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol intake has also been linked to reduced glutathione levels. An excessive level of oxidative stress from alcohol exceeds the body’s antioxidant capacity.
4. Pollution: Environmental pollutants deplete glutathione levels by increasing oxidative stress and reducing its availability.
5. Exercise: As a result of increased metabolic demands and oxidative stress during physical activity, glutathione levels may temporarily decrease. However, the body increases the production of glutathione to compensate for this lack.

Summing Up

As both antioxidants have valuable advantages, it could be challenging to decide between NAC and glutathione. Therefore, taking both NAC and glutathione supplements may be the most effective approach. NAC will supply enough material to create new glutathione, and direct glutathione supplementation will immediately increase its levels in circulation.

 

Frequently Asked Question

 

Is NAC better than glutathione?

The efficacy of NAC and glutathione depends on your health goals. NAC, as a precursor, provides cysteine essential for glutathione synthesis. On the other hand, direct supplementation with glutathione is beneficial for its instant increase. Both antioxidants are valuable for promoting cellular health and body defense mechanisms.

 

How long does it take for NAC to increase glutathione?

Supplement dosage and metabolic rate affect the time it takes for NAC to increase glutathione levels. Studies suggest that significant increases in glutathione may be observed after one month of consistent NAC supplementation. While the timeline can differ for NAC vs. glutathione intake, NAC gradually elevates cellular antioxidant defenses over this period. 

 

Does NAC build collagen?

NAC contributes to collagen synthesis indirectly by supporting glutathione production. While it doesn’t directly generate collagen, NAC supports this process by maintaining cellular health and improving glutathione’s antioxidant effects.

 

Does NAC increase testosterone?

Certain studies suggest a positive correlation between NAC treatment and increased testosterone levels. After NAC supplementation, there were significant improvements in sperm count, motility, hormonal profiles, and higher testosterone levels. Its antioxidant properties may contribute to this positive effect by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. While these findings are encouraging, further research is required to figure out a definitive connection between NAC supplementation and testosterone levels.

 

Does NAC affect sleep?

N-acetylcysteine may influence the rhythm of wakefulness and sleep through the activation of cellular antioxidant pathways. NAC increases cellular antioxidant capacity and contributes to the biochemical processes associated with sleep. According to data, intraperitoneal injection of NAC accelerated the onset of sleep and decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) delta power, especially when sleep drive was naturally high.

 

In the world of cosmetic products, familiar ingredients like hyaluronic acid, collagen, and retinoids often take the spotlight. Yet, there’s a rising star worth your attention – beta-glucan. Below, we reveal all the beta-glucan benefits for skin. Don’t miss out on this skincare guide.

What Is Beta-Glucan?

Beta-glucan is a polysaccharide, a complex carbohydrate composed of glucose molecules linked through beta-glycosidic bonds. It is commonly found in bacteria, fungi, algae, and cereals such as oats and barley.

Structurally diverse, beta-glucans exhibit different molecular weights and branching patterns. As biological response modifiers, these polysaccharides are renowned for immunomodulatory properties.

In the human body, beta-glucans engage with immune macrophages and dendritic cells and influence immune responses. Notably, beta-glucans enhance host defense mechanisms by promoting phagocytosis, cytokine production, and overall immune system activation. Apart from benefits for the immune system, they are potent in lowering cholesterol levels and supporting cardiovascular health. 

Beta-Glucan Benefits for Skin

Similar to hyaluronic acid, beta-glucan is a common ingredient in skincare products and brings a range of advantages for the skin. Here is an overview of its effects:

Boost Hydration

As a polysaccharide, beta-glucan possesses a hydrophilic nature. This is how it attracts and retains water molecules. Upon application, this polysaccharide forms a hydrating film on the skin’s surface and reduces transepidermal water loss.

Besides, it stimulates the skin’s own hyaluronic acid production, which is essential for moisture retention. This mechanism improves immediate moisture levels and contributes to long-term skin health.

Anti-Aging Effects

Molecules of beta-glucan interact with skin cells called fibroblasts to stimulate collagen synthesis. Enhanced collagen production results in improved skin elasticity and reduced wrinkle visibility.

Its immunomodulatory properties also support the skin’s defense mechanisms, protecting against free radicals and environmental damage. The activation of macrophages and cytokine production further supports tissue repair and regeneration, which is vital in slowing the aging process. 

Calming Abilities

Beta-glucan activates macrophages, immune cells that release anti-inflammatory molecules. This modulates the skin’s immune response, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators.

On the other hand, beta-glucan interacts with receptors on the skin’s surface and inhibits the activation of inflammatory pathways. In this way it mitigates skin redness, sensitivity, and discomfort. This is why beta-glucan is an indispensable ingredient in formulations for sensitive skin.

Repairs Skin Barrier

This potent polysaccharide enhances the synthesis of ceramides, essential lipids that constitute the skin barrier. The accelerated production of ceramide reinforces the structural integrity of the skin barrier.

Apart from this, beta-glucan stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes, a basic building block of the epidermis. Its interaction with macrophages further supports the removal of dead cells, facilitating efficient skin renewal. The result is a strengthened and resilient skin barrier, which is necessary for preserving optimal skin health and function.

Promotes Healing Wounds

Human skin possesses remarkable regenerative capabilities, and beta-glucan significantly contributes to the process of wound healing. When skin is exposed to beta-glucan, it stimulates a complex response.

First of all, it can activate the most important immune cells, macrophages. It initiates the clearance of waste particles and potential pathogens from the wound site. Besides, it promotes fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition. These processes are responsible for the formation of a structurally sound extracellular matrix. As a result, tissue regeneration is accelerated, and wounds are easily closed.

Protecting Skin Microbiome

The skin microbiome consists of various bacteria, fungi, viruses, micro-eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteriophages. Beta-glucan skin benefits extend to the protection and maintenance of the skin microbiome. 

By influencing macrophages, this bioactive compound helps regulate the skin’s response to microbial changes. It promotes beneficial microorganisms while preventing harmful pathogens from growing.

Due to a stronger skin barrier, there is also less chance for potentially harmful substances to penetrate. 

How to Use Beta-Glucan?

A variety of beta-glucan products are available in creams, serums, and lotions. Cleanse your face before using moisturizers or serums with beta-glucan. Apply a product evenly to the skin and gently massage it in to enhance absorption. Given its compatibility with other skincare ingredients, beta-glucan can be seamlessly integrated into both morning and evening care.

Products containing beta-glucan address diverse skin concerns, from hydration to soothing and repairing damaged skin. By using beta-glucan consistently, you’ll get sustained benefits for your skin.

The Bottom Line

As a potent polysaccharide, beta-glucan is used to treat various skin concerns. Whether used separately or in combination with other ingredients, beta-glucan is a valuable component in preserving skin vitality.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

 

Is beta-glucan better than hyaluronic acid?

Both compounds contribute to skin hydration, but beta-glucan benefits extend beyond mere moisture retention. This polysaccharide enhances the skin’s natural defenses and promotes collagen synthesis. It also boosts hydration, skin health, and resilience. While hyaluronic acid retains water molecules, beta-glucan is a valuable component of a thorough skincare regimen.

 

Is beta-glucan good for acne skin?

Beta-glucan demonstrates great effects on acne-prone skin. The immunomodulatory properties of this polysaccharide reduce inflammation and redness associated with acne. Besides, it promotes wound healing, which is helpful in the recovery of acne lesions. As a multifunctional ingredient, its ability to soothe, repair the skin barrier, and enhance overall skin health makes it a valuable addition to skincare routines for acne-prone skin.

 

Does beta-glucan help eczema?

Beta-glucan is highly effective in the treatment of eczema. This potent polysaccharide alleviates the immune response and symptoms of eczema, such as redness and itching. Its ability to strengthen the skin barrier contributes to improved resilience against external factors, which is especially important for conditions like eczema.

 

Does beta-glucan clog pores?

Since beta-glucan is non-comedogenic, it won’t clog your pores. Its lightweight molecular structure makes it suitable for different skin types. 

 

Can I use beta-glucan and retinol together?

Beta-glucan and retinol provide complementary benefits when taken together. Both ingredients have distinct functions in skincare. While beta-glucan supports skin health and hydration, retinol promotes collagen synthesis and cell turnover. Additionally, beta-glucan can mitigate skin sensitivity and irritation that may occur with the first use of retinol.